Angioplasty is used to open blocked arteries, to allow normal blood flow from the heart. Arteries become blocked when fatty substances, such as cholesterol, build up at a certain location and cause the inside lining to thicken and narrow. This slows the flow of blood (with oxygen and nutrients) through the body.

Angioplasty is a way to avoid heart attacks by unblocking arteries. A doctor makes a very small incision and inserts a tube with a tiny balloon on the end into the clogged artery. The balloon is inflated slightly, and can be used to loosen, and even move, the blockage. Because the incision is small, angioplasty is much easier on patients than major surgery.

Balloon angioplasty is only a temporary answer, however, because fatty deposits can re–form. A more permanent balloon called a "stent" can be left in the blood vessel to help maintain blood flow.

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